Six hundred million years ago, influenza was considered in animals as a reaction to infection: a high body temperature corresponds to the immune system. At that time, almost all animals were in the blood. To reach the maximum temperature for the floor, they need to be placed on a warm living board for a long time. Miss Logan, a Tupper man at the Smithsonian Institution for Tropical Studies (Patriarchal Institute for Triple Studies) in Panama, said the first presence of warm-blooded animals was probably due to disease.
At first glance, this is much easier for cold-blooded or "ectothermic" animals. Because they cannot control body temperature, they emit 30 times less energy than hot or "endothermic" equivalent animals. Therefore, while animals and birds inject calories regularly to maintain a high body temperature, reptiles and aquatic organisms can find a warm place in the environment if they need comfort. But if ectothermia is so great, why are animals and birds developing other expensive alternatives?
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| Source: phys |
Over the past few years, scientists have suggested three different ways in which endotherms develop at high, stable temperatures. Some say it promotes physical activity; Helps keep other animals active for a long time; And third, it allows parents to take care of their children from an early age. However, there is no strong support for any model, and the evolutionary history of endotherms is confusing.
Although there may be some truth in these theories, Logan's article apparently did something that had a significant impact on the survival and reproductive capacity of the animals, otherwise endothermy would be a valuable strategy and could not be corrected by natural selection. He explains this in the latest issue of Ideas in Ecology and Evolution.
"In my opinion, by keeping warm at all times, animals and birds value the immune system to fight infectious diseases, and this may be the first time a high-value plan has been developed," Logan said.
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In this case, endothermia can provide much more benefits than ectothermia. The ability of bacteria to enhance the response to high temperatures means that the endotherm is not limited by the temperature difference in its environment. Today, cold-blooded animals rely on external heat sources for their flu-like temperature. They are exposed to changing environmental conditions, and although they need a microclimate to start catching a cold, they struggle with hay or spouses and can come into contact with animals.
"This hypothesis is based on recent findings in animal immunology and physiology, but still needs careful evaluation with data and experiments," Logan said. "For example, my model predicts that species with a warm stable body temperature (others will remain unchanged) will also have outbreaks.
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